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New starter tech from GM.

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Old Jul 13, 2004 | 08:03 AM
  #1  
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New starter tech from GM.

from Autoweek.com
(08:30 July 13, 2004)
GM to employ new fuel-saving starter system on upcoming models


By DAVE GUILFORD | Automotive News

DETROIT -- Two mid-sized General Motors cars will combine the starter and alternator to improve fuel economy.

The 2008 Chevrolet Malibu will get what GM calls a belt-alternator starter system, says Tom Stephens, group vice president for powertrain. The system eliminates the traditional starter. It uses a reworked alternator to start the engine with a belt.

To save fuel, the system shuts off the engine during stops and restarts it when the driver steps on the accelerator.
It uses a 36-volt battery but keeps the 12-volt electrical system.

GM estimates it will boost fuel economy by about 12 percent if used with a fuel-saving continuously variable transmission.

In Europe, PSA/Peugeot-Citroen SA says it will equip some of diesel-powered cars this year with a starter-alternator similar to the Malibu's.

A mid-sized front-drive Saturn car with the starter-alternator system will follow the Malibu, Stephens says. The cars are on the Epsilon architecture, which will be used globally.

"We wanted to get (the technology) on our highest-volume car architecture," Stephens says.

GM's strategy is to put fuel-saving technologies into its high-volume vehicles. Toyota, by contrast, is touting huge fuel-economy gains on low-volume vehicles, such as the Prius.

This fall GM will equip 2,500 Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra full-sized pickups with mild-hybrid powertrains. Mild hybrids use an electric motor to assist the gasoline-powered engine, but the motor alone does not drive the vehicle. The trucks will get a modified starter that assists the gasoline-powered engine.

The Saturn Vue sport wagon gets a similar system for the 2006 model year. Production begins in April 2006, a spokesman says.

The Ford Escape Hybrid, which goes on sale this fall, has a full-hybrid powertrain. The electric motor and gasoline engine can power the wheels separately or together.

Interesting idea, but, as you can see from the red highlight, the motor will shut off at stops.

I can see how that would be 'transparant' on electric motors, but how can it be so with an internal cumbustion engine? Wouldn't there be a delay when you hit the accelerator for the car to start back up?
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 08:53 AM
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I can see two things happening here. One, people will just keep their feet on the accelerator while at stop lights. Two, people calling the dealership saying "my car dies at every stop light, I want this fixed!"

If it ever makes it into a sports coupe, I think someone will find a way around it, ala CAGS or the like.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 09:00 AM
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There is an economy button, it can be turned off. A/C does not run while it is stopped, heat does.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 09:18 AM
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First thing I think of is reliability problems.

Starters only last so long...now you're asking it to make probably 10X as many starts....bound to be durability issues. Imagine the car shutting off at an intersection and not coming back on....

Second, I can see belt slippage issues. Going to be useful only on small displacement motors, anything big with high compression would burn up the belt.

Last, sort of blows a whole in the old wives tale that it takes less gas to idle than it does to start up.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 09:20 AM
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does this mean that we're going back to a multi-belt arrangement? i'd imagine the alternater/starter would have to have a heavy duty toothed/notched belt to even have a chance at working.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 10:32 AM
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Originally posted by Chris 96 WS6

Last, sort of blows a whole in the old wives tale that it takes less gas to idle than it does to start up.
That crossed my mind too....
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 11:16 AM
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Originally posted by Chris 96 WS6
Starters only last so long...now you're asking it to make probably 10X as many starts....bound to be durability issues. Imagine the car shutting off at an intersection and not coming back on....
The reason starters last only so long are because they are purposely designed as overstressed motors not intended for continuous running. If they didn't do it this way, a starter would have to be many times larger than they currently are. Going to 36/42 VDC cuts the amperage by 1/3, and therefore the same sized starter could be 3 times as powerful, or in this case, designed to properly handle the additional stress of all these starts.

Originally posted by Chris 96 WS6
... sort of blows a whole in the old wives tale that it takes less gas to idle than it does to start up.
That's pretty much always been just a wives' tale, especially since the era of fuel injection. I think the rule of thumb nowadays is that 15 seconds of idling wastes more fuel than restarting.

The Toyota and Honda hybrids already shut their engines off at stop signs. People will get used to it. No one buys a hybrid by accident; they know a little bit of what they are getting into before they sign the papers.

Another interesting starting technology (since we're on the topic) deals with the electrically operated valve systems everyone's trying to perfect. In theory it would be possible for the engine to know which cylinder in a stopped engine is near its power stroke, open the intake valve to let the fuel injector squirt, close the valve, then fire the spark plug to get the engine going. No electric starter required at all!
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 11:49 AM
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Originally posted by R377
Another interesting starting technology (since we're on the topic) deals with the electrically operated valve systems everyone's trying to perfect. In theory it would be possible for the engine to know which cylinder in a stopped engine is near its power stroke, open the intake valve to let the fuel injector squirt, close the valve, then fire the spark plug to get the engine going. No electric starter required at all!
crazy! i had this exact idea in like '92. i was only 14 at the time too. i know, i know. everyone and their aunt dorthy has ideas.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 12:26 PM
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What happens to the A/C while the engine is off?
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 12:40 PM
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Originally posted by R377
Another interesting starting technology (since we're on the topic) deals with the electrically operated valve systems everyone's trying to perfect. In theory it would be possible for the engine to know which cylinder in a stopped engine is near its power stroke, open the intake valve to let the fuel injector squirt, close the valve, then fire the spark plug to get the engine going. No electric starter required at all!
This likely would not work. There are four things required to make an engine start: Air, Fuel, Spark, and COMPRESSION. Opening the intake valve would remove any residual compression in the engine.

Direct injection engines may be a different story. However, if the vehicle was sitting for long periods, the residual compression would bleed off over time.

Randy
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 01:52 PM
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Originally posted by rlchv70
This likely would not work. There are four things required to make an engine start: Air, Fuel, Spark, and COMPRESSION. Opening the intake valve would remove any residual compression in the engine.
Compression is required for efficient combustion. Some of the very first internal combustion engines worked at atmospheric presssure until the Otto cycle was discovered. Even with just, say, 1/3 of the cylinder filled with air at atmospheric pressure, there should still be enough expansion to push the piston down when it's ignited.
Old Jul 13, 2004 | 04:37 PM
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My camaro has that feature currently, except I think it's more of a stalling problem...
Old Jul 15, 2004 | 10:50 AM
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1. What we're talking about are "mild" hybrid cars - not true hybrids like the Prius. ("True" hybrids work a 300V+, mild hybrids work with 36 volts.) Toyota tried this in Japan with a Toyota Crown, but rejected the idea for the United States because the economy benefits were so limited.

2. While 36 volt electrical systems are the way things are going, the new GM system will still use 12 volt electrical components for accessories like power window motors. Unless they've worked out all the kinks, expect some major electrical problems down the road.

3. BMW has been running a 318i prototype with an integrated flywheel/alternator. Why you might ask?

The reason might surprise you. Forget the hybid crap, BMW is planning on a non-mechanical all electric valve train. All-electric valves will take huge amounts of juice, hence the alternator/flywheel.

4. Other than the 120V outlet on the new Silverado Hybrid, there is precious little functionality behind GM's new "innovation."
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